Bip39 Checksum. The wallet handles the significant lifting of converting the mnemonic words by way of a technique of complex hashing, salting, and checksum functions right into a binary "seed," that is then accustomed to generate the all-essential non-public and general public encryption keys. BIP32 was the initial seed standard https://lovelydirectory.com/listings646177/bip39-word-list-pdf-https-linktr-ee-bip39-about-bip39